Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of the Electoral College Essay

Talk about the points of interest and drawbacks of the Electoral College - Essay Example The Contender is required to take an expansive development. It is inside the Electoral College that the presidential candidates are at risk to pick a running mate from another area. The technique is fundamental as the administration maintains a strategic distance from local issues (Hudson and Roger 40). Another advantage of the Electoral College is that it permits the minority gatherings to have any kind of effect in the democratic procedure. The supporters contend that Minorities in an area have the chance of making a dissimilarity in the midst of winning of a districts discretionary vote or losing (Kimberling and William 1992). The supporters of the Electoral College likewise contend that it helps in keeping up the government character in a nation. The supporters contend that the Electoral College framework gives each locale the freewill to structure its laws with respect to casting a ballot. Discretionary College additionally permits every area to make corrections (Hudson and Roger 40). The supporters of the Electoral College likewise contend that the discouraging aftereffect of the Electoral College on outsiders as a magnificent plan. The Electoral College maintains the current two gathering frameworks in giving the area firm consistency (Kimberling and William 1992). The supporters of the Electoral College likewise contend the Electoral College keeps up division of forces. The constitution has been intended to isolate the administration to three different branches that are expected to introduce soundness in addition to thought. A few supporters contend that if the President is casted a ballot legitimately he can express a countrywide well known order that will challenge other government branches (Hudson and Roger 40). One of the inconveniences is that in numerous states, the contender with numerous votes gets each appointive vote of that locale. The minority areas have a record of continually deciding in favor of a Democrat or a Republican. Contenders are fit for not

Integrating learning styles Essay Example for Free

Incorporating learning styles Essay Facilitators utilize diverse learning styles, for example, sound-related, motor, and visual strategies to improve each student’s capacity to get a handle on material the least complex way imaginable. Through research, educators have adjusted many training techniques to take advantage of each student’s learning style without estranged different procedures important for different students. Sound-related procedures may incorporate addresses, tapes, or auditoria instructional exercises so the understudies can finish their work as they tune in to the facilitator’s guidelines completely (Felder and Soloman, p.1). Teachers ought to underline the catchphrases during their addresses to trigger the student’s basic listening aptitudes. The watchwords of the discourse should be comparative with their new material, yet it must exhort them on the most proficient method to complete the movements also (Family Education, p. 2). As in online instructional exercises, the understudy must have the option to hear the guidelines and spot the directions in real life by dynamic learning strategies. Motor strategies can remember for hands learning openings, for example, drawing, playing, or composing. A case of this is work out the arrangement of a numerical condition. The understudies figure out how to explain the numerical structure of the condition so as to respond to the inquiry all the more altogether (Felder and Soloman, p. 2). Educators can utilize hands-on applications to break the obstruction between the reading material and the information’s by and large target. For example, an electrical architect must utilize their insight in the field so as to work perseveringly through their coursework. It is imperative to allow the understudies to have a total comprehension of what their class material is about through dynamic techniques. Visual guidelines tell understudies the best way to repeat the succession for an offered response (Family Education, p. 1). For instance, an understudy must know the nuts and bolts of a scientific conditions in a more, inside and out approach to profit by the verbal (sound-related) and active (working out) parts of the topic. Reference Cited Felder, R. M. also, Soloman, B. A. Learning Styles and Strategies. North Carolina State University. Recovered October 25, 2006 from http://www. ncsu. edu/felder-open/ILSdir/styles. htm. â€Å"Visual, Auditory, Kinesthetic Learners. † (2006). Family Education. Recovered October 25, 2006 from http://school. familyeducation. com/insight/instructing strategies/38519. html.

How Physical Therapy Can Help Fight the Opioid Epidemic

How Physical Therapy Can Help Fight the Opioid Epidemic Addiction Drug Use Opioids Print How Physical Therapy Can Help Fight the Opioid Epidemic Physical Therapy vs. Opioid Pain Medication By Brett Sears, PT facebook twitter linkedin Brett Sears, PT, MDT, is a physical therapist with over 15 years of experience in orthopedic and hospital-based therapy. Learn about our editorial policy Brett Sears, PT Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Richard Fogoros, MD on August 31, 2016 Richard N. Fogoros, MD, is a retired professor of medicine and board-certified internal medicine physician and cardiologist. He is Verywells Senior Medical Advisor. Learn about our Medical Review Board Richard Fogoros, MD Updated on May 28, 2019 Hero Images/Getty Images More in Addiction Drug Use Opioids Cocaine Heroin Marijuana Meth Ecstasy/MDMA Hallucinogens Prescription Medications Alcohol Use Addictive Behaviors Nicotine Use Coping and Recovery Can physical therapists  and the PT profession be a positive force to help solve our nations addiction to opiate medication? We have a huge problem in this country. It seems that over the past 20 years, we have created a society of people who feel it is their right to not feel any pain. Our solution? Hand out opioid pain  medication like it is candy. In fact, the United States consumes 99 percent of the worlds hydrocodone, the number one opioid pain medication. Doctors prescribe enough opioids each year to give five pills to every citizen. So we should all be feeling good, right? Wrong. While the number of people consuming pain medication has increased, reported pain  has not changed. Plus, there are some downsides to using opioid medication for controlling non-cancerous, musculoskeletal  pain, such as when you have a condition like a strain, fracture, or after surgery. Facts About Opioid Medication Use When OxyContin came about, a name brand  opioid pain medication was first developed by Purdue  Pharma  in the mid-1990s, it was touted as a safe way to manage pain. Doctors were told that the medicine was not habit-forming and that the side effects of using the medicine were minimal. It turns out, the opposite is true. Opiod medicines are habit-forming, and they can lead to some serious and dangerous consequences, with an increased risk of drug dependency or overdose. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention  (CDC) has listed a few  specific facts about the opioid epidemic. Understanding that negative effects of opioid medication  can help realize the benefits that physical therapists can bring to the table when managing this epidemic. Some statistics about American opioid use (and abuse) includes: From 1999 to 2013, the number of opioid medications dispensed has quadrupled.Deaths related to opioid addiction have quadrupled since 1999.Approximately two  million Americans were addicted to opioid pain medication in 2014.Opioid addiction can lead to abuse of other illicit drugs.Approximately one in four opioid users struggles with addiction.People who struggle with opioid addiction are 40 times more likely to  be addicted to heroin. So there is a  big problem with opioid medication, but  isnt it a useful and effective way to manage pain? It can be, but only under the careful supervision of your doctor. Non-musculoskeletal pain, like the kind that may occur with some cancerous tumors, may respond quite well to opioid medication, allowing the patient to function fully in their day-to-day life.  Patients with chronic pain can effectively manage their pain with opioid medicine, but this needs to be closely monitored by their doctor. There are some downsides to using a  highly-addictive opioid  pain medicine  that must be addressed. Addressing the Problem of Opioid Use In August 2016, the United States Surgeon General Vivek Murthy, MD sent a letter to physicians addressing the problem of opioid addiction and asking that all healthcare practitioners work together to combat this epidemic of opioid abuse and addiction. The letter offers a three-step plan to fighting the  epidemic: Education about the proper prescribing of opioidsScreening of patients for possible opioid use disorders and connecting those patients with the best treatmentStarting to  treat opioid abuse as a mental illness and not a moral failure The Surgeon General also has made recommendations for prescribing opioid medication. These recommendations, adapted from the CDC guidelines, list exercise and physical therapy as a mode of treatment to be considered prior to prescribing habit-forming prescription medication. How Can Physical Therapy  Help? Physical therapists have the unique opportunity to work closely with patients who are hurting. Most people show up to the physical therapy clinic because they are in pain and are not moving well. The goal for those patients is to improve mobility while decreasing pain.  Your physical therapist can assess your particular situation and give you  strategies to help manage your pain and improve your ability to move and function optimally, without the need for habit-forming  pain medication. Studies show that engaging in an active physical therapy program can help improve your pain and mobility. Your physical therapist can also show you strategies to help keep your pain away. Some different methods and treatments that your physical therapist may use include: Exercise:  Movement and exercise have been proven to be effective for most musculoskeletal conditions, and your physical therapist is a movement expert who can show you what to do. Exercise should be your main tool in decreasing pain and taking an active role in your pain treatment.Electrical stimulation and TENS:  Electrical stimulation, or E-stim, can alter the sensations that you are feeling to decrease your pain. The stimulation has little side effects, and it can be used just about anywhere.Iontophoresis:  This form of electrical stimulation can administer anti-inflammatory medication through your skin to manage your pain.Heat or cold:  Hot packs and cold packs may be used to decrease pain and alter local circulation to manage inflammation.Postural correction strategies:  Sitting with poor posture may be causing your pain, and learning strategies to change your posture may be necessary.Kinesiology taping:  Although there is limited research regarding the use of kinesiology tape, it may be used to manage your pain. (Plus, there are very few side effects to using K-tape.)Massage:  Soft tissue massage can relax muscles and muscular spasm and can help decrease pain that you are feeling. Some of these itemsâ€"like TENS, heat,  or massageâ€"are passive treatments; you do nothing while your physical therapist applies the treatment to you. Passive treatments should not be your first choice of pain relief therapy since it can cause you to become dependent on your PT to apply the treatment. They are listed above  since they are treatments that you may be exposed to while attending physical therapy for your painful condition. It is recommended that you engage in an active physical therapy rehab program to treat your musculoskeletal condition and pain. This includes exercise, which  can help you gain strength, range of motion, and functional mobility. Plus, you may just have some fun while doing while working with your physical therapist, and you may find your energy land motivation levels increase with exercise. And guess what? There are very few long  term  negative side effects to engaging in physical therapy. Your muscles may be a little sore temporarily, but the long-term benefits can be worth it. What Should You Do? If you develop  musculoskeletal pain, like neck pain or a rotator cuff strain, choose to see a physical therapist first. In many cases, you can visit a physical therapist via direct access, and you can get started on the road to recovery right away. Your  PT can assess your condition and refer you to a specialist if necessary, but many times your condition can be managed in the PT clinic. If your doctor prescribes opioid pain medication for your musculoskeletal condition, inquire about starting physical therapyâ€"a more natural treatment for painâ€"rather than taking medicine. Ask about side effects of the medicine that your doctor prescribes. Can you become addicted? What is the long-term plan for safely managing your pain?  You are in control of your healthcare, and understanding the dangers of opioid medication use and abuse can help you make the best decisions for your pain management strategy. If you are abusing opioid pain medication, seek help right now. The right healthcare professional can help you safely manage your problem and can get you on the road to recovery. Opioid pain medication has its place in medicine. It can be effective for managing chronic pain. Unfortunately, the risks of usingâ€"and potentially abusingâ€"opioid  medicine are real. You have a choice. If you develop musculoskeletal, non-cancerous related pain, choose to visit your physical therapist first. Your PT can work with you and your doctor to safely and effectively manage your pain and improve your overall functional mobility, so you can quickly return to your normal, pain-free lifestyle.

Introduction . I Am Observing A Kindergarten Prep Class

Introduction: I am observing a Kindergarten Prep class with children ages four to five. Originally there are thirteen children in the class with only one teacher. However the teacher the sends some of the children to another class to not break the teacher-child ratio. The program is actively looking to hire another teacher to help the current teacher. The teacher I am observing has a bachelor degree and has been teaching for six years.The observation method I used was the Narrative. Using the narrative method required me to record nearly everything that happened while I was there. The narrative method offers a lot of details, due to including the recording of all behaviors that occur. This also allows me to use the anecdotal form and†¦show more content†¦The teacher was very calm, but also very firm when speaking to the child. After the child talk the child listened to the teacher and went to one of the other centers. This example demonstrate the teacher’s characteristics by showin g how the teacher handles and deals with different situations that occur on a day to day basis. The teacher was preparing the children to go outside when one of the children asked â€Å" can you help zip up my jacket†. The teacher knew that the child was able to zip up his own jacket so she told him â€Å"you know how to do it on your own but if you need help I will then help you†. The child was then able to zip his jacket after a few tries. He then realized that one of his shoes was untied and aging asked the teacher to help him. The teacher reminded him that he is also able to do this own his own and that he has tied his own shoes before. The teacher then watched over the child and encouraged him as he was doing it on his own. This example helps demonstrate the teacher’s characteristics by showing the teacher constantly helping and encouraging the children to accomplish new things. 4. Teacher’s Communication Skills: The teacher is very firm when speaking to the children, which lets the children know what is expected from them. The children, parents, and the teacher seem to have a mutual respect for each other. Whenever the parents drop of their child, the teacher is very welcoming and

Type 1 Diabetes On Children Essay - 1011 Words

Type 1 Diabetes In Children Kathy Miron Beckfield Mrs. Rebecca Barner December 2, 2016 Type 1 Diabetes In Children Helen Keller once said, â€Å"All the world is full of suffering. It is also full of overcoming.† Throughout life each person will face obstacles, but will only be defined by how they overcome or fail. In today’s society health and wellness has become such a challenge. Many things in our environment, social status, financial position, and culture can affect what we eat and our health status. Families in many countries are facing new onset of diseases and disorders, in which modern medicine now has the ability to combat to prolong good quality of life. Through research and education, families are now being able to understand juvenile diabetes. As a result, children are being able to live more normal lives. Although the actual differentiation between type 1 and type 2 happened in the 1970s, Diabetes was noticed in the 1500s. Per the timeline for diabetes, â€Å"Earliest known record of diabetes. An Egyptian physician describes frequent urination as a diabetes symptom (, 2012, p. 65).† In 1948 the American Diabetes Association is founded by 28 physicians (, 2012, p. 65). â€Å"Although Harley, a British physician, commented in 1866 that there are at least two distinct forms of the disease [diabetes] requiring diametrically opposing forms of treatment (3), the French physician Lancereaux is generally credited with making the distinction between fat andShow MoreRelatedCoping Skills Training For Parents Of Children With Type 1 Diabetes1602 Words   |  7 Pagesesearch critique for nursing research article â€Å"coping Skills Training for Parents of Children with Type 1 Diabetes† Gray. The title describes the study population accurately but in my opinion the tile is not the best fit for the study since it doesn’t accurately describe the comparison methodology of the experiment. The title includes Coping Skills Training but one doesn’t know that it is compared for effectiveness against General Education. More fitting title for example would be â€Å"ComparisonRead MoreIncreasing Coping Skills in Parents of Children with Type 1 Diabetes1629 Words   |  7 PagesAccording to the U.S Department of Health and Human Services, there are 15,600 new cases of Type I Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) each year (U.S Department of Health and Human Services, 2011). Boys and girls are at relatively equal risks for developing T1DM up until fourteen years old, with risks peaking around puberty. Following puberty, incidences tend to be higher in white males than women (Soltesz, Patterson, Dahlquist, 2007). When looking globally by region at incidences, they tend to be h igherRead MoreDiabetes Leading Cause of Chronic Death1738 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"Diabetes is one of the leading chronic causes of deaths in children and adolescent’s in the United States. Diabetes mellitus is a group of diseases that is characterized by high levels of glucose in the bloodstream, resulting from defects in insulin production, insulin action or even both† (Overview, 1). â€Å"Diabetes is a serious health issue and can be associated with premature death or serious complications. Timely diagnosed treatment of diabetes can delay or prevent any onset of long-term complicationsRead MoreGrowth of Diabetes in Children1729 Words   |  7 PagesDiabetes is one of the leading chronic causes of deaths in children and adolescent’s in the United States. Diabetes mellitus is a group of diseases that is characterized by high levels of glucose in the bloodstream resulting from defects in insulin production, insulin action or even both (Overview, 1). Diabete s is a serious health issue and can be associated with premature death or serious complications. Timely diagnosed treatment of diabetes can delay or prevent any onset of long-term complicationsRead MoreEssay about The Rise Children with Diabetes in the United States641 Words   |  3 PagesUnited States and in many other countries around the world more children are being diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. In the past, children who were diagnosed with diabetes were diagnosed with type 1. Type 1 diabetes affects many children in which they are unable to produce insulin. However, as times have changed children are now being diagnosed with type 2 diabetes which is a chronic illness that usually affects adults. Type 2 diabetes develops when the person is not able to produce enough insulin,Read MoreEssay on The Increasing Prevelance of Type 2 Diabetes1011 Words   |  5 Pagesrecently, the common type of diabetes in children and teens was the type 1, little wonder it was called juvenile di abetes. Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is one of the most common chronic, unremitting medical conditions that develop in childhood or adolescence. There is a bimodal age of onset, with the first peak at 4 to 6 years and the second peak in early adolescence. But now younger people are also getting type 2 diabetes. Type 2 diabetes used to be called adult-onset diabetes. But now it is becomingRead MoreDiabetes As A Western Disease1489 Words   |  6 Pagesreactions and energy we obtain from food we eat. While some food may make us active and full of energy, some may make us sluggish and lazy. Diabetes has been around for decades, as the increase in assortment of food and different varieties have become assessable to individuals globally, we have been dealt with a larger problem than many predicated. Diabetes started as a western disease has made its way to being a global problem with many organizations leading the fight to find ways to reduce theRead MoreRecommendation Report On Children With Diabetes1719 Words   |  7 Pagesreport on children with diabetes. Diabetes is one of the most common chronic diseases of any childhood. In today’s society there are children fighting this disease in their everyday life’s and as so ciety, we do have control to decrease this disease with the right knowledge. Parents, school, communities and the health care systems must work together to provide information to direct them to what this disease is and why it’s occurring in more in children’s life in an everyday basis. â€Å"Diabetes is a problemRead MoreCauses of Type I and II Diabetes Essay544 Words   |  3 PagesDiabetes is a group of diseases caused by high blood glucose levels that come from deficiencies in the bodys ability to produce and use insulin. There are a few main causes of diabetes. There’s two types of diabetes: Type 1 and Type 2. In Type 1 diabetes the diagnosis is often made in children and young adults, and was formerly known as juvenile diabetes. Type 1 diabetes is where your body does not produce insulin at all. Type 2 diabetes is the most common form of diabetes. In type 2 diabetes yourRead MoreThe Use Of Juvenile Diabetes And Its Effects On Our Lives As Well As Their In terpersonal Relationships1426 Words   |  6 PagesAcross America there are a large number of children who wake up every morning with the challenge of navigating another day with Type 1 Diabetes. According to the Boston Children’s Hospital website, type 1 diabetes (commonly called juvenile diabetes) is â€Å"an autoimmune disease- more specifically, a disorder of carbohydrate metabolism- in which the immune system attacks and destroys the insulin-producing cells of the pancreas (called beta cells).† In this paper, we will highlight how this disease

Women Organizers in the Civil Rights Movement Free Essays

string(52) " for African American Social and American progress\." Women organizers in the Civil Rights movement (1950’s-1960’s) Women have always been regarded as key parental figure in raising and developing children in the society. During the period of 1950 to 1970, many parts of the world were marred with civil rights movement. The movements were characterized with protests and civil resistance complaining about discrimination economic and political self sufficiency. We will write a custom essay sample on Women Organizers in the Civil Rights Movement or any similar topic only for you Order Now Women took up the initiative to participate in these movements. This situation later led to serious confrontation between government authorities and activists. Thousands of people took part in the civil right movement of that period especially in the United States. The key leaders of the campaign, include; Martin Luther King, Malcolm X, Stokely Carmichael, Rosa Parks, James Meredith and Medgar Evers, played crucial roles for of the achievements of the Civil Rights Movement in America[1]. This paper covers factors that motivated women, the contributions they had, roles they played as well as the problems they encountered during the civil rights movement of 1950’s and 1960’s. Most of the women who were involved in these movements were born during the slavery period, hence the pain and suffering they experienced at that time stimulated them to speak out against oppression. One of the most vocal women who started to speak against oppression was Wells Barnett. She began her struggle in 1909, by travelling abroad to seek international attention on this issue[2]. She also formed National association for the advanced of Colored people. Her efforts were later joined by the struggle for gender sensitization by Mary Church Terrell. She was very vocal and spoke about segregation of the blacks in public eating joints. She led most of the citizens to boycotts and picketing to attract attention to racial injustice[3]. She established the black club movement that led to the formation of National Association of Colored Women similar to that of Barnett. She was also very instrumental in bringing up socially progressive institutions such as mother clubs and nursery schools. The three year struggles with authorities bow her fruits when the Supreme Court ruled that segregation of public eating places was unconstitutional[4]. Another very instrumental lady in these movements was Mary McLeod. She often worked together with both Terrell and Barnett. Mary became the president of National Association of Colored Women[5]. Being at the supreme of the organization, she became a good friend of Sara Roosevelt the mother of Franklin Roosevelt mayor of New York. She used the good rapport she had with this politically influential family to continue her struggle for social justice of the black[6]. She was later appointed to be the head of National Youth Council by President Roosevelt. Eleanor Roosevelt took the same path after being inspired by Terrell and Mary McLeod. After her husband was elected as the 32nd president Eleanor became instrumental in fighting injustice by calling for international and national attention to the effects of oppression and racial discrimination. She took a bold step and resigned from the Daughter of American Revolution since they had differed in ideologies. Ella baker was another activist who dedicated her time to speak out against oppression. She was regarded as the leader behind the scenes. She struggled to study due to the fact that her family was not well of. She graduated and became a teacher. She relocated to New York and quit her profession to engage in social change. She got involved with NAACP in the grassroots level in recruiting more people to the organization. She also was instrumental in the formation of other small organizations such as Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee and the Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party. These movements later were used by Martin Luther King Jr. to organize his boycott and nonviolent movement. The wave of women participation in the civil movement was unstoppable. Rosa Park, who was famously regarded as the mother of the civil rights movement, was also contributed in this struggle. She is believed to have started the main struggle of these civil rights movement. She experienced difficulty in completing her education due to the strict regulations for the black children. The black children were meant to study for only five moths in a year and the rest of the year they spent time in the cotton fields as laborers. Rosa graduated from high school after she got married to Raymond parks[7]. This sparked her efforts to fight racial injustice. She joined National Association for the Advancement of Colored People Montgomery chapter as the only woman. She was very instrumental member of this organization and was elected secretary. Her active involvement in National Association of Advanced Colored People led to her arrest on 1955[8]. Rosa’s life as an African American continued to face challenges. The mistreatment she received from the whites while she was in a bus made her to launch a huge boycott of using Montgomery buses by the Afro-Americans. She decided to organize this boycott after she got arrested for refusing to give out her seat to a white passenger in the bus. The boycott lasted for 381 days prompting her to be absorbed by the Montgomery Improvement Association which was formed by Martin Luther King Jr[9]. This act of boycott was followed by a series of escalating protest, movements and insurgencies by African Americans. During the time for boycott Rosa coordinated for the blacks to get rides from car pool ups and other whites who offered to help. The used the slogan ‘don’t use the bus today. Don’t use it for freedom. ’ The boycotters together with Mrs. Rosa Park took the case to court disputing the segregation in buses[10]. They later worn the case after the court ruled on their favor. After the successful boycott Rosa and her families were not secure in Montgomery. They relocated to Detroit where she worked for congressman John Conyers. She continued to raise her voice and incited the youth to take up the struggle for African American Social and American progress. You read "Women Organizers in the Civil Rights Movement" in category "Essay examples" After the women political council had initiated the boycott in Montgomery, Martin Luther king came to the limelight taking all the credit as the leader for the nonviolent resistance. Martin Luther King Jr. and Malcolm X traversed different sections of the country giving powerful speeches and mobilizing nonviolent movements. Sparks of none violent movements were seen in other parts of the country[11]. These nonviolent movements escalated to violent racial rebellion in major cities in the U. S. s the movement went militant it provoked the whites against pro-black policies and the police. The success of events of this decade was at the peak when the Supreme Court decides the case of brown v board of education ruling in favor of brown. The court declared that segregation of s chools unconstitutional. In the 1960’s many women rights group were established to continue the fight against racial injustice and oppression. This was the decade that saw progressive women rights movement in the United States and world Wide. Most of these groups comprised of female students who advocated for equal employment opportunity for both men and women. They also lobbied for enforcement of equal rights laws. Later that decade national organization for women was formed to replace women commission and it continued with the fight against sexual discrimination. The commission was disbanded due to lack of funds. The women equity action league founded in 1968, sought to investigate inequalities in faculty pay and promotions of both men and women in education workforce. These remarkable women played an important role in inspiring other activists and grassroots leaders who in turn mobilized more and more people to join the struggle. These women also helped millions of women to gain their fundamental rights as women. They were mostly motivated by the mass followers they had. Motivation also came from the cases they had in courts which ended up favoring the blacks and declaring most of the segregation unconstitutional. They drew their inspiration from civil rights movement they had organized. The organizations they were involved with had a lot of confidence in them hence they elected these women to high posts which favored their situation and gave them an upper hand in organizing the struggle[12]. To overcome the problems they encountered they formed organizations such as national Organization for women. National Organization of Women key mandate was to enlighten the women to fully participate in mainstreaming of American society. These organizations brought them together in unity and increased their awareness on critical issues that affect them. This enabled them to have a strong voice over the oppression and neglect they were facing and forced the federal government to enforce the law. The ideologies fomented by certain black power movement were destructive and fostered cultural conflict. This posed a challenge to the efforts of the women who organized movements before. The other major challenge that affected these courageous women is the fact that most of the influential leaders, who had followed suit to lead mass movement, ended up being arrested or assassinated[13]. A good example is the cases of Malcolm x and Martin Luther King. The women’s morale was undermined by these acts. The supremacy of the white also undermined their efforts in the sense that they seemed to bend the law on their favor and oppressed the blacks in all sectors. The civil war escalated by the Ku Klux Klan and the lynch mob in the south were meant to threaten the activists from pursuing further with their quest[14]. The vocal contribution of Martin Luther King Jr. was faced with bomb attacks to his church and residence. The mass movements in America were a vital process to transform America to its current state. The vibrant voices of these women led to signing of the civil rights act to law. The law protects all minorities and women from discrimination in voting employment and use of public areas. They were also rendered freedom of choice. This was viewed as victory for both blacks and women. The revival of the African American militancy was an exceptional progress to the realization of democratic ideals[15]. The shared commitment to take the risk and highlight injustice and press the course for change resulted to the change in attitude of many American citizens. They tore down the oppressive racial and segregation system that had dominated the country for a long time thus bringing a remarkable transformation of American life. Bibliography Bermanzohn, Sally Avery. â€Å"Violence, Nonviolence, and the Civil Rights Movement. New Political Science 22, no. 1 (March 2000): 31-48. Academic Search Complete, EBSCOhost (accessed April 15, 2011). Gates, Henry Louis Jr. Bearing witness: selections from African-American autobiography in the twentieth century. New York: Pantheon Books, (1991). Greenblatt, Alan. â€Å"Race in America. † CQ Researcher 13, no. 25 (July 11, 2003): 593-624. http://library. cqpress. com/cqresearc her/cqresrre2003071100. Hine, Darlene Clark. Hine sight: black women and the re-construction of of American history. Bloomington: Indiana University, (1994). Jost, Kenneth. â€Å"School Desegregation. † CQ Researcher 14, no. 5 (April 23, 2004): 345-72. http://library. cqpress. com/cqresearcher/cqresrre2004042300. Naylor Gloria. Critical Perspectives Past and Present. New York: Amistad, (1993). ———————– [1] Greenblatt, Alan. â€Å"Race in America. † CQ Researcher 13, no. 25 (July 11, 2003): 593-624. http://library. cqpress. com/cqresearcher/cqresrre2003071100. [2] Darlene, Hine Clark. Hine sight: black women and the re-construction of of American history. Bloomington: Indiana University, (1994). [3] Naylor Gloria. Critical Perspectives Past and Present. New York: Amistad, (1993). [4] Henry Louis, Gates Jr. Bearing witness: selections from African-American autobiography in the twentieth century. New York: Pantheon Books, (1991). [5] Darlene, Hine Clark. Hine sight: black women and the re-construction of of American history. Bloomington: Indiana University, (1994). [6] Sally Bermanzohn, Avery. â€Å"Violence, Nonviolence, and the Civil Rights Movement. † New Political Science 22, no. 1 (March 2000): 31-48. Academic Search Complete, EBSCOhost (accessed April 15, 2011). [7] Greenblatt, Alan. â€Å"Race in America. † CQ Researcher 13, no. 25 (July 11, 2003): 593-624. http://library. cqpress. com/cqresearcher/cqresrre2003071100. 8] Bermanzohn, Sally Avery. â€Å"Violence, Nonviolence, and the Civil Rights Movement. † New Political Science 22, no. 1 (March 2000): 31-48. Academic Search Complete, EBSCOhost (accessed April 15, 2011). [9] Gates, Henry Louis Jr. Bearing witness: selections from African-American autobiography in the twentieth century. New York: Pantheon Books, (1991). [10] Hine, Darlene Clark. Hine sight: black women and the re-construction of of American history. Bloomington: Indiana University, (1994). [11] Jost, Kenneth. â€Å"School Desegregation. † CQ Researcher 14, no. 15 (April 23, 2004): 345-72. ttp://library. cqpress. com/cqresearcher/cqresrre2004042300. [12] Jost, Kenneth. â€Å"School Desegregation. † CQ Researcher 14, no. 15 (April 23, 2004): 345-72. http://library. cqpress. com/cqresearcher/cqresrre2004042300. [13] Hine, Darlene Clark. Hine sight: black women and the re-construction of of American history. Bloomington: Indiana University, (1994). [14] Greenblatt, Alan. â€Å"Race in America. † CQ Researcher 13, no. 25 (July 11, 2003): 593-624. http://library. cqpress. com/cqresearcher/cqresrre2003071100. [15] Gloria Naylor. Critical Perspectives Past and Present. New York: Amistad, (1993). How to cite Women Organizers in the Civil Rights Movement, Essay examples

Abnormal Psychology Bipolar Disorder Essay Example For Students

Abnormal Psychology: Bipolar Disorder Essay Bipolar Disorder Mental illness has plagued human kind for as long as we have been on this earth. The science of psychology has made great strides in past century. The stigma of being mentally ill has begun to fall away and people are finally starting to get the help that they need to recover. Bipolar disorder is one illness that we have come to more fully understand. Through assistance from a psychiatrist, family and medication a patient with bipolar disorder can enter remission and live a normal life. Bipolar disorder, also known as manic-depressive disorder (MDD), affects people of all races, colors, and economic backgrounds. Approximately two million Americans aged 18 and older are affected by this disorder. Typically, patients are diagnosed during adolescence, (Mayo Clinic) but people may be diagnosed at any stage of their life. This disorder is characterized by cycling from manic (high) to depressed (low). On the downward swing from mania, patients may experience normal moods. Eventually, depression will occur (NMHA). MDD is thought to be caused by chemical imbalances in the brain. Neurotransmitters act as messengers to our neurons, or nerve cells (NMHA). Because there is no biological test for this disorder, a physician cannot access risk or diagnose patients easily (Tate). Human genome studies have yet to discover a specific gene which causes this disorder (Tate), but those who suffer from this illness generally have relatives with some form of depression, showing a clear genetic link (NMHA). Symptomology The manic phase is when the patients mood is up. Patients often experience euphoria along with excessive energy, aggressive behavior, and irritability. Hypersexuality and exhibiting poor judgment are two symptoms that can be very worrisome. (NMHA) Often patients cannot control their behavior and may engage in unprotected sexrisking harm from violence or from sexually transmitted disease. They have a tendency to drive fast and start altercations, often ending with incarceration. Patients often tend to make loose associations and suffer from delusions of grandeur, feeling increased confidence and optimism. Other notable behaviors during the manic phase are changes in dress, hair color, getting tattoos and piercings; the patient exhibits uncharacteristic personality changes. They may exhibit lack of cleanliness, or wear garish clothes (Butler). Sleep is also disrupted during this period; patients may feel a decreased need for sleep while feeling no fatigue (NMHA). Psychosis may be the most frightening aspect of mania. One sufferer believed that she was a terrorist and was responsible for the attacks on September 11, 2002. She stated that she had to end her life in order for the violence to stop (Fleischauer). Though psychosis is common during mania, it may not happen to all patients (NMHA). On the opposite side of the mood spectrum is depression. Depression consists of sad moods, sleep disorders, feeling hopeless or worthless, and loss of interest in regular activities. Patients may also experience psychosomatic illnesses, fatigue, reduced or increased appetite and suicidal thoughts (NMHA). Plagued by extreme guilt and sense of worthlessness, some patients feel no choice but to end their lives. In fact, fifty-percent of MDD patients will try to commit suicide; five percent will succeed (Fleischer). Diagnosis Diagnosing this disorder can be a difficult task. The increased energy and restlessness of mania may be mistaken for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). In fact, many patients seen by CORE Research, an independent clinical trials company, had been misdiagnosed with ADHD. Upon being given medication for this illness, their symptoms were exacerbated. For many, this is when the correct diagnosis is made. (Butler). Physicians must first rule out other possible diagnoses. Patients will normally be tested for drugs and their psychosocial stressors accessed. Charles Dickens Essay James Lucas Many drugs, including cocaine and marijuana may be causes of erratic behavior and mood swings. Also, the patients thyroid status should be assessed. A University of North Carolina study has proved that depression is three times more likely for those with hypothyroidism than those with normal thyroid function (Dranov). Psychiatrists must do a full psychiatric evaluation in order to diagnose a patient with bipolar disorder. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) IV is used for diagnosis; the DSM-IV criteria for bipolar disorder must be met in order to diagnose a patient. Tools such as scales are very .